{"id":24599,"date":"2023-06-26T14:31:30","date_gmt":"2023-06-26T12:31:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/podpora\/?post_type=ht_kb&p=24599"},"modified":"2023-08-16T14:33:17","modified_gmt":"2023-08-16T12:33:17","slug":"instalacia-a-konfiguracia-mongodb-na-ubuntu-22-04-lts","status":"publish","type":"ht_kb","link":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/podpora\/kb\/instalacia-a-konfiguracia-mongodb-na-ubuntu-22-04-lts\/","title":{"rendered":"In\u0161tal\u00e1cia a konfigur\u00e1cia MongoDB na Ubuntu 22.04 LTS"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

MongoDB je multiplatformov\u00e1 dokumentov\u00e1 datab\u00e1za. Rad\u00ed sa medzi NoSQL datab\u00e1zy a namiesto tradi\u010dn\u00fdch rela\u010dn\u00fdch datab\u00e1z vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00facich tabu\u013eky pou\u017e\u00edva dokumenty podobn\u00e9 form\u00e1tu JSON (MongoDB form\u00e1t naz\u00fdva BSON) a dynamick\u00e9 datab\u00e1zov\u00e9 sch\u00e9my, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa vytv\u00e1ranie a integr\u00e1ciu d\u00e1t pre aplik\u00e1cie jednoduch\u0161ie a r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Datab\u00e1za MongoDB bola p\u00f4vodne vyvinut\u00e1 softv\u00e9rovou spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou 10gen (premenovan\u00e1 na MongoDB Inc.) v novembri 2007 ako komponenta pl\u00e1novan\u00e9ho PaaS produktu. V roku 2009 sa z projektu stal open-source. MongoDB je najpopul\u00e1rnej\u0161\u00ed NoSQL datab\u00e1zov\u00fd syst\u00e9m. <\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Vysk\u00fa\u0161ajte si v\u00fdkon pr\u00e9miov\u00e9ho VPS<\/strong> \u2601

Lep\u0161ie za\u017ei\u0165, ako len po\u010du\u0165 – vysk\u00fa\u0161ajte si profesion\u00e1lny Virtu\u00e1lny server od Websupport pre produk\u010dn\u00e9 pou\u017eitie \u00faplne zdarma.

Viac na <\/strong>websupport.sk\/servery<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MongoDB je k dispoz\u00edcii zadarmo pod licenciou Server Side Public License (SSPL), do okt\u00f3bra 2018 bola licencia GNU Affero General Public License. Jazykov\u00e9 ovl\u00e1da\u010de s\u00fa dostupn\u00e9 pod Apache Licence. \u010ealej MongoDB Inc. pon\u00faka propriet\u00e1rne licencie pre MongoDB v Enterprise Edition s podporou a roz\u0161\u00edren\u00fdmi funkciami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e1vod popisuje in\u0161tal\u00e1ciu MongoDB Community Edition vo verzii 6 z ofici\u00e1lneho repozit\u00e1ra na linuxov\u00fa distrib\u00faciu Ubuntu 22.04 a otestovanie funk\u010dnosti datab\u00e1zy po in\u0161tal\u00e1cii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tip: N\u00e1vod na in\u0161tal\u00e1ciu star\u0161ej verzie MongoDB 4.2 na Ubuntu 18.04 LTS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In\u0161tal\u00e1cia MongoDB<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

Aktualiz\u00e1cia repozit\u00e1rov a in\u0161tal\u00e1cia aktualiz\u00e1cii bal\u00ed\u010dkov<\/p>\n\n\n\n

sudo apt-get update \nsudo apt-get upgrade<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Import verejn\u00e9ho k\u013e\u00fa\u010da, ktor\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edva syst\u00e9m spr\u00e1vy bal\u00edkov<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo apt-get install gnupg\ncurl -fsSL https:\/\/pgp.mongodb.com\/server-6.0.asc | \\\n   sudo gpg -o \/usr\/share\/keyrings\/mongodb-server-6.0.gpg \\\n   --dearmor<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Vytvorenie s\u00faboru s repozit\u00e1rom<\/p>\n\n\n\n
echo \"deb [ arch=amd64,arm64 \nsigned-by=\/usr\/share\/keyrings\/mongodb-server-6.0.gpg ]\nhttps:\/\/repo.mongodb.org\/apt\/ubuntu jammy\/mongodb-org\/6.0 multiverse\" \n| sudo tee \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/mongodb-org-6.0.list<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Reload lok\u00e1lnej datab\u00e1zy bal\u00ed\u010dkov<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo apt-get update<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
In\u0161tal\u00e1cia posledn\u00fdch verzi\u00ed MongoDB bal\u00ed\u010dkov<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Tip: V pr\u00edpade potreby m\u00f4\u017eete nain\u0161talova\u0165 konkr\u00e9tnu verziu MongoDB ako napr\u00edklad sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org=6.0.4 mongodb-org-database=6.0.4 mongodb-org-server=6.0.4 mongodb-org-mongos=6.0.4 mongodb-org-tools=6.0.4<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n
V pr\u00edpade, \u017ee je pre v\u00e1s d\u00f4le\u017eite zosta\u0165 na konkr\u00e9tnej verzii MongoDB a nein\u0161talova\u0165 aktualiz\u00e1cie je potrebn\u00e9 da\u0165 bal\u00ed\u010dky do stavu hold. T\u00e1to \u010das\u0165 je volite\u013en\u00e1 a nastav\u00edte ju pr\u00edkazmi<\/p>\n\n\n\n
echo \"mongodb-org hold\" | sudo dpkg --set-selections\necho \"mongodb-org-database hold\" | sudo dpkg --set-selections\necho \"mongodb-org-server hold\" | sudo dpkg --set-selections\necho \"mongodb-mongosh hold\" | sudo dpkg --set-selections\necho \"mongodb-org-mongos hold\" | sudo dpkg --set-selections\necho \"mongodb-org-tools hold\" | sudo dpkg \u2013set-selections<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165anie MongoDB<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
Spustenie servera<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo service mongod start<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Kontrola, \u010di je MongoDB spusten\u00e9<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo service mongod status<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Volite\u013ene m\u00f4\u017eete zaisti\u0165, \u017ee MongoDB sa spust\u00ed po re\u0161tarte syst\u00e9mu<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo systemctl enable mongod<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Stopnutie servera<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo service mongod stop<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Re\u0161tart servera<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo service mongod restart<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
V pr\u00edpade, \u017ee sa nepodar\u00ed mongod <\/code>na\u0161tartova\u0165 a vr\u00e1ti chybov\u00e9 hl\u00e1senie Failed to start mongod.service: Unit mongod.service not found.<\/code> Spustite pr\u00edkaz<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo systemctl daemon-reload<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Pripojenie k MongoDB po in\u0161tal\u00e1cii otestujete zadan\u00edm pr\u00edkazu<\/p>\n\n\n\n
mongosh<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
N\u00e1sledne m\u00f4\u017eete MongoDB shell mongosh<\/code> ukon\u010di\u0165 pr\u00edkazom exit <\/code>alebo kl\u00e1vesovou skratkou Ctrl + C<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zabezpe\u010denie MongoDB pomocou hesla<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
V predvolenom nastaven\u00ed MongoDB nevy\u017eaduje heslo na pr\u00edstup k datab\u00e1ze. Odpor\u00fa\u010da sa v\u0161ak jeho nastavenie na zabezpe\u010denie datab\u00e1zy a zabr\u00e1nenie neopr\u00e1vnen\u00e9mu pr\u00edstupu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pripojte sa k MongoDB shell<\/p>\n\n\n\n
mongosh<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Prepnutie do admin <\/code>datab\u00e1zy, ktor\u00e1 sa pou\u017e\u00edva na spr\u00e1vu pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov a rol\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ use admin<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Ako pr\u00edklad vytvor\u00edme pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea admin <\/code>s heslom v11CWRvA4j7 <\/code>(pou\u017eite vlastn\u00e9)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ db.createUser({\n  user: \"admin\",\n  pwd: \"v11CWRvA4j7\",\n  roles: [ { role: \"root\", db: \"admin\" } ]\n\n})<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Rola root m\u00e1 pln\u00fd pr\u00edstup ku v\u0161etk\u00fdm datab\u00e1zov\u00fdm zdrojom a funkci\u00e1m. Ukon\u010dite MongoDB shell pr\u00edkazom<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ exit<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Povolenie autentifik\u00e1cie<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
V predvolenom nastaven\u00ed MongoDB nevy\u017eaduje autentifik\u00e1ciu na pr\u00edstup k datab\u00e1ze. Na zabezpe\u010denie datab\u00e1zy a zabr\u00e1nenie neopr\u00e1vnen\u00e9mu pr\u00edstupu sa v\u0161ak odpor\u00fa\u010da povoli\u0165 autentifik\u00e1ciu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Otvorte konfigura\u010dn\u00fd s\u00fabor MongoDB<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo nano \/etc\/mongod.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
N\u00e1jdite sekciu security <\/code>v konfigura\u010dnom s\u00fabore a pridajte nasleduj\u00face riadky:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
security<\/code>:\n  authorization: enabled<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Obsah s\u00faboru ulo\u017e\u00edme pomocou kl\u00e1vesovej skratky Ctrl + X<\/code> a n\u00e1sledne stla\u010den\u00edm kl\u00e1vesu y<\/code> a potvrden\u00edm kl\u00e1vesom Enter<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Re\u0161tartujte slu\u017ebu MongoDB<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo systemctl restart mongod<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Teraz je funkcia autoriz\u00e1cie pre MongoDB povolen\u00e1 a vy\u017eaduje, aby sa pou\u017e\u00edvatelia na pr\u00edstup k datab\u00e1ze overili pomocou pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9ho mena a hesla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Povolenie vzdialen\u00e9ho pr\u00edstupu k MongoDB<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
V predvolenom nastaven\u00ed MongoDB umo\u017e\u0148uje pripojenie z localhost<\/code>-u resp. IP adresy 127.0.0.1<\/code>. Ak chcete  povoli\u0165 pr\u00edstup aj z \u010fal\u0161\u00edch IP adries alebo rozsahov upravte konfigura\u010dn\u00fd s\u00fabor MongoDB<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo nano \/etc\/mongod.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
N\u00e1jdite sekciu net <\/code>v konfigura\u010dnom s\u00fabore a pridajte nasleduj\u00face riadky<\/p>\n\n\n\n
net:\n  bindIp: 127.0.0.1,192.168.1.0\/24<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Ak nahrad\u00edte 127.0.0.1, 192.168.1.0\/24<\/code> vami po\u017eadovan\u00fdmi IP adresami alebo rozsahmi povol\u00edte z nich pr\u00edstup. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Obsah s\u00faboru ulo\u017e\u00edme pomocou kl\u00e1vesovej skratky Ctrl + X<\/code> a n\u00e1sledne stla\u010den\u00edm kl\u00e1vesu y<\/code> a potvrden\u00edm kl\u00e1vesom Enter<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Re\u0161tartujte slu\u017ebu MongoDB<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo systemctl restart mongod<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
V pr\u00edpade, \u017ee chcete povoli\u0165 pr\u00edstup z akejko\u013evek IP adresy zadajte 0.0.0.0<\/code>, podporovan\u00e9 s\u00fa aj IP adresy vo form\u00e1te IPv6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V pr\u00edpade, \u017ee pou\u017e\u00edvate v syst\u00e9me firewall ufw <\/code>povo\u013ete MongoDB port 27017 <\/code>pr\u00edkazom<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo ufw allow 27017<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n