{"id":21708,"date":"2022-02-28T13:55:17","date_gmt":"2022-02-28T12:55:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/podpora\/?post_type=ht_kb&p=21708"},"modified":"2022-02-28T13:55:17","modified_gmt":"2022-02-28T12:55:17","slug":"ubuntu-server","status":"publish","type":"ht_kb","link":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/podpora\/kb\/ubuntu-server\/","title":{"rendered":"Ubuntu server"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ubuntu je linuxov\u00e1 distrib\u00facia<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 vych\u00e1dza z Debianu a je z v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej miery postaven\u00e1 zo slobodn\u00e9ho a otvoren\u00e9ho softv\u00e9ru<\/strong>. Distrib\u00facia pon\u00faka aj propiet\u00e1rny softv\u00e9r, napr\u00edklad v podobe ovl\u00e1da\u010dov pre hardv\u00e9r alebo kodekov, fontov. Prv\u00e1 verzia bola vydan\u00e1 20. okt\u00f3bra 2004 a i\u0161lo o Ubuntu 4.10 (Warty Warthog).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ubuntu je ofici\u00e1lne vyd\u00e1van\u00e9 v troch ed\u00edci\u00e1ch a to: desktop<\/strong>, server<\/strong> a core<\/strong> (pre IoT zariadenia).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nov\u00e1 verzia Ubuntu je vyd\u00e1van\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fdch 6 mesiacov<\/strong>. To zabezpe\u010duje, \u017ee sa do distrib\u00facie pravidelne dost\u00e1va \u201e\u010derstv\u00fd\u201c softv\u00e9r. Podpora pre toto vydanie je 9 mesiacov. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je ka\u017ed\u00e9 dva roky vyd\u00e1van\u00e1 verzia s dlhodobou podporou – LTS (long-term support)<\/strong>. T\u00e1 m\u00e1 podporu a\u017e 5 rokov a je mo\u017en\u00e9 ju e\u0161te roz\u0161\u00edri\u0165. Pri Ubuntu si tak m\u00f4\u017eete vybra\u0165, \u010di chcete ma\u0165 ten najnov\u0161\u00ed softv\u00e9r a teda robi\u0165 \u010dastej\u0161ie aktualiz\u00e1cie, alebo potrebujete v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu stabilitu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prakticky vzat\u00e9 je 5 rokov vhodn\u00e9 \u010dasov\u00e9 obdobie<\/strong>, kedy s opera\u010dn\u00fdm syst\u00e9mom technicky zastar\u00e1va napr\u00edklad aj fyzick\u00fd hardv\u00e9r servera a aplik\u00e1cie.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ubuntu server<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ubuntu server<\/strong> pou\u017e\u00edva rovnak\u00e9 APT repozit\u00e1re ako Ubuntu Desktop Edition. Rozdiely medzi nimi spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00fa v absencii X Window prostredia v predvolenej in\u0161tal\u00e1cii pri serverovej ed\u00edcii. \u010ci\u017ee defaultne m\u00e1te k dispoz\u00edcii len termin\u00e1lov\u00e9 rozhranie<\/strong>. Grafick\u00e9 rozhranie sa d\u00e1 jednoducho nain\u0161talova\u0165: vr\u00e1tane Unity, GNOME, KDE alebo Xfce. Ubuntu server pou\u017e\u00edva na in\u0161tal\u00e1ciu znakov\u00e9 rozhranie v re\u017eime obrazovky namiesto grafick\u00e9ho procesu in\u0161tal\u00e1cie. To umo\u017e\u0148uje in\u0161tal\u00e1ciu na strojoch so s\u00e9riov\u00fdm rozhran\u00edm bez podpory grafiky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Serverov\u00e1 ed\u00edcia podporuje hardv\u00e9rov\u00fa virtualiz\u00e1ciu<\/strong> a m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 spusten\u00e1 vo virtu\u00e1lnom stroji bu\u010f vo vn\u00fatri hostite\u013esk\u00e9ho opera\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu alebo v hyperv\u00edzore, ako je VMware ESXi, Oracle, Citrix XenServer, Microsoft Hyper-V, QEMU a pod.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fd modul AppArmor<\/strong> pre jadro sa pou\u017e\u00edva na k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch softv\u00e9rov\u00fdch bal\u00edkoch a firewall je roz\u0161\u00edren\u00fd na be\u017en\u00e9 slu\u017eby pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 opera\u010dn\u00fdm syst\u00e9mom. Ubuntu server je od in\u0161tal\u00e1cie konfigurovan\u00fd tak, aby bol \u010do najbezpe\u010dnej\u0161\u00ed. Pou\u017e\u00edva u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov s n\u00edzkymi opr\u00e1vneniami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ubuntu server be\u017e\u00ed na v\u0161etk\u00fdch hlavn\u00fdch (64-bitov\u00fdch) architekt\u00farach<\/strong> \u2013 x86-64, ARM v7, ARM64, POWER8 a m\u00e1 po\u010diato\u010dn\u00fa podporu pre RISC-V. Ubuntu \u00fazko spolupracuje s v\u00fdrobcami serverov pre \u010do najlep\u0161iu kompatibilitu ich hardv\u00e9ru s opera\u010dn\u00fdm syst\u00e9mom. Ubuntu podporuje ZFS<\/strong>, s\u00faborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m s mo\u017enos\u0165ou snapshotov. Vie \u0161ifrova\u0165 LVM<\/strong>. M\u00e1 LXD – hyperv\u00edzor na spr\u00e1vu kontajnerov<\/strong> LXC, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 zauj\u00edmavou alternat\u00edvou k virtu\u00e1lnym strojom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ubuntu pou\u017e\u00edva najnov\u0161ie vydanie linuxov\u00e9ho jadra. M\u00e1 snap<\/code>, \u010do je mana\u017e\u00e9r bal\u00edkov. V ofici\u00e1lnych repozit\u00e1roch n\u00e1jdete v\u0161etok ob\u013euben\u00fd a k\u013eu\u010dov\u00fd softv\u00e9r<\/strong> ako: PHP, Python, Nginx, Apache2, Tomcat, Docker, Bind9, MySQL, PostgreSQL a mnoho \u010fal\u0161ieho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ubuntu server je certifikovan\u00fd vo verejnom cloude poskytovate\u013eov ako AWS, Microsoft Azure a \u010fal\u0161\u00ed. Ubuntu pon\u00faka Ubuntu Cloud Images, \u010do s\u00fa predin\u0161talovan\u00e9 obrazy syst\u00e9mu, ktor\u00e9 je mo\u017en\u00e9 r\u00fdchlo nasadi\u0165 napr\u00edklad do cloudu, LXC, OpenStack a podobne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Websupport poskytuje Ubuntu server na v\u0161etk\u00fdch svojich slu\u017eb\u00e1ch a to dedikovan\u00fdch serveroch<\/a>, virtu\u00e1lnych serveroch VPS<\/a> a aj vo Virtu\u00e1lnom d\u00e1tovom centre VDC<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Canonical a \u010fal\u0161\u00ed softv\u00e9r<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ubuntu je vyv\u00edjan\u00e9 britskou komer\u010dnou spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou Canonical<\/strong> a komunitou v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov. Zakladate\u013eom Canonical je podnikate\u013e Mark Shuttleworth. Ubuntu nie je jej jedin\u00fdm projektom – Canonical v z\u00e1sade vytv\u00e1ra slobodn\u00fd softv\u00e9r s otvoren\u00fdm zdrojov\u00fdm k\u00f3dom (FOSS) alebo n\u00e1stroje ur\u010den\u00e9 na zlep\u0161enie spolupr\u00e1ce medzi v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rmi slobodn\u00e9ho softv\u00e9ru a prispievate\u013emi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z komer\u010dn\u00fdch slu\u017eieb poskytuje Extended Security Maintenance (ESM), \u010do je pred\u013a\u017eenie bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch aktualiz\u00e1ci\u00ed<\/strong> pre Ubuntu. Napr\u00edklad ofici\u00e1lna (a bezplatn\u00e1) podpora pre Ubuntu 16.04 LTS bola ukon\u010den\u00e1 v apr\u00edli 2021. Pomocou ESM je mo\u017en\u00e9 si dok\u00fapi\u0165 aktualiz\u00e1cie a\u017e do roku 2026, \u010di\u017ee na \u010fal\u0161\u00edch p\u00e4\u0165 rokov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Okrem toho poskytuje aj \u010fal\u0161ie produkty:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– MAAS<\/strong> – provisioning n\u00e1stroj pre dedikovan\u00e9 servery;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– OpenStack<\/strong> – virtualiza\u010dn\u00e9 prostredie s aktualiz\u00e1ciami, \u00fadr\u017ebou a podporou pre IaaS;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Landscape<\/strong> – port\u00e1l pre mana\u017ement a aktualiz\u00e1cie, spr\u00e1vu bal\u00edkov,\u00a0 bezpe\u010dnos\u0165;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Snapcraft<\/strong> – app store s aplik\u00e1ciami a ich aktualiz\u00e1ciami pre linuxov\u00e9 distrib\u00facie;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Kubernetes<\/strong> – Ubuntu je referen\u010dn\u00e1 platforma pre Kubernetes na v\u0161etk\u00fdch hlavn\u00fdch verejn\u00fdch cloudoch. Canonical pon\u00faka v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rsku aj produk\u010dn\u00fa distrib\u00faciu K8s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dobr\u00e1 vo\u013eba<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ubuntu patr\u00ed medzi najpou\u017e\u00edvanej\u0161ie a najob\u013e\u00fabenej\u0161ie linuxov\u00e9 distrib\u00facie<\/strong>. Absol\u00fatne dominuje webov\u00fdm serverom. Ubuntu server poskytuje stabiln\u00e9 a flexibiln\u00e9 prostredie pre prev\u00e1dzku aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed, datab\u00e1z, virtu\u00e1lnych strojov a kontajnerov<\/strong>. Ubuntu server je l\u00eddrom v hyperscale OS, IT v 21. storo\u010d\u00ed spoj\u00ed \u013eud\u00ed naprie\u010d kontinentmi s rozsiahlou sie\u0165ou obchodn\u00fdch, spolo\u010densk\u00fdch a z\u00e1bavn\u00fdch slu\u017eieb. Ve\u010f Ubuntu v jednom z dialektov Juhoafrickej republiky znamen\u00e1 \u201e\u013eudskos\u0165 ostatn\u00fdm\u201c<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ubuntu je linuxov\u00e1 distrib\u00facia, ktor\u00e1 vych\u00e1dza z Debianu a je z v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej miery postaven\u00e1 zo slobodn\u00e9ho a otvoren\u00e9ho softv\u00e9ru. Distrib\u00facia pon\u00faka aj propiet\u00e1rny softv\u00e9r, napr\u00edklad v podobe ovl\u00e1da\u010dov pre hardv\u00e9r alebo kodekov, fontov. Prv\u00e1 verzia bola vydan\u00e1 20. okt\u00f3bra 2004 a i\u0161lo o Ubuntu 4.10 (Warty Warthog). Ubuntu je ofici\u00e1lne…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"ht-kb-category":[33],"ht-kb-tag":[330,339,381,198,192,189],"class_list":["post-21708","ht_kb","type-ht_kb","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","ht_kb_category-servery","ht_kb_tag-linux","ht_kb_tag-open-source","ht_kb_tag-server","ht_kb_tag-ubuntu","ht_kb_tag-vdc","ht_kb_tag-vps"],"yoast_head":"\nUbuntu server - Websupport centrum podpory<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/podpora\/kb\/ubuntu-server\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ubuntu server - Websupport centrum podpory\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ubuntu je linuxov\u00e1 distrib\u00facia, ktor\u00e1 vych\u00e1dza z Debianu a je z v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej miery postaven\u00e1 zo slobodn\u00e9ho a otvoren\u00e9ho softv\u00e9ru. 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