{"id":6311,"date":"2015-06-22T12:23:55","date_gmt":"2015-06-22T10:23:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/?p=6311"},"modified":"2025-09-16T12:41:02","modified_gmt":"2025-09-16T10:41:02","slug":"je-vasa-stranka-v-bezpeci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/2015\/06\/je-vasa-stranka-v-bezpeci\/","title":{"rendered":"Je va\u0161a str\u00e1nka v bezpe\u010d\u00ed?"},"content":{"rendered":"Doba \u010d\u00edtania:<\/b><\/span> 4<\/span> min.<\/span><\/span>

Webhostingy s\u00fa ide\u00e1lnym ter\u010dom hackerov, preto\u017ee ve\u013emi ve\u013ea webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nok vyu\u017e\u00edva komunitne vyv\u00edjan\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie, ako napr. WordPress, Joomla, Drupal a i. Tieto aplik\u00e1cie maj\u00fa svoj zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d vo\u013ene dostupn\u00fd na stiahnutie, a preto ni\u010d nebr\u00e1ni \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkovi analyzova\u0165 tento k\u00f3d a vytvori\u0165 exploit<\/a>, ktor\u00fd vedia n\u00e1sledne vyu\u017ei\u0165.<\/p>\n

Aby bol kyber\u00fatok hackerov \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fd, potrebuj\u00fa z\u00edska\u0165 pr\u00edstup na ve\u013ea serverov, z ktor\u00fdch si vedia spravi\u0165 sie\u0165 softv\u00e9rov\u00fdch robotov, tzv. botnet<\/a>. \u00datoky sa v\u0161ak daj\u00fa robi\u0165 aj v men\u0161om mer\u00edtku, av\u0161ak len ve\u013emi zriedka si d\u00e1 hacker n\u00e1mahu prelomi\u0165 bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 webovej aplik\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n

\u010co z toho hackeri maj\u00fa?<\/b><\/h3>\n

D\u00f4vod, pre\u010do sa niekto zaober\u00e1 infikovan\u00edm aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed be\u017eiacich na hostingu je pr\u00e1ve ten, \u017ee po z\u00edskan\u00ed pr\u00edstupu si tam \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk m\u00f4\u017ee nahra\u0165 svoj k\u00f3d a sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a\u0165 n\u00edm zvolen\u00e9 skripty, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu robi\u0165 v\u0161etko, \u010do je na serveri povolen\u00e9.<\/p>\n

V 99 % je to pr\u00e1ca robotov (naprogramovan\u00fd softv\u00e9r). Robot preskenuje internet a kde n\u00e1jde dieru v k\u00f3de str\u00e1nky, tam sa \u201ezastav\u00ed“, ulo\u017e\u00ed svoj k\u00f3d a ide \u010falej. Tento ne\u017eelan\u00fd cudz\u00ed k\u00f3d m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 bu\u010f \u201elen“ nefunk\u010dnos\u0165 str\u00e1nky, v hor\u0161\u00edch pr\u00edpadoch je v\u0161ak ni\u010denie hlb\u0161ie a trval\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Ve\u013emi \u010dast\u00fdm \u00fakazom je zaradenie servera do botnetu, ktor\u00fd rozosiela mili\u00f3ny spamov\u00fdch e-mailov denne. Obsahom tak\u00fdchto emailov s\u00fa \u010dasto ponuky na pofid\u00e9rne produkty (viagra, r\u00f4zne \u2018udel\u00e1tka\u2019 \u010di nig\u00e9rijsky investor), ktor\u00e9 sa sna\u017eia nal\u00e1ka\u0165 \u013eud\u00ed na kopu produktov.<\/p>\n

M\u00f4\u017eu v\u0161ak obsahova\u0165 aj in\u00e9 formy \u00fatoku, ako napr. Phishing<\/a>, kedy sa \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk sna\u017e\u00ed z\u00edska\u0165 prihlasovacie \u00fadaje do in\u00fdch str\u00e1nok (napr. webmail \u2013 op\u00e4\u0165 na rozosielanie spamu, soci\u00e1lne siete alebo internet banking a i.). K \u010d\u00edm v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iemu pr\u00edstupu serverov m\u00e1 \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk pr\u00edstup, t\u00fdm je viac flexibiln\u00fd, aby bol jeho \u00fatok siln\u00fd a kon\u0161tantn\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Ako to vlastne robia?<\/b><\/h3>\n

Vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine pr\u00edpadov \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa bu\u010f verejne zn\u00e1me zranite\u013enosti v aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, alebo dokonca sami h\u013eadaj\u00fa sp\u00f4soby, ako nahra\u0165 na hosting svoj k\u00f3d<\/a>. V poslednej dobe sa st\u00e1va trendom vklada\u0165 infikovan\u00fd k\u00f3d do pr\u00e9miov\u00fdch t\u00e9m a pluginov, ktor\u00e9 sa \u0161\u00edria pomocou P2P siet\u00ed, pr\u00edpadne na \u00falo\u017eisk\u00e1ch. R\u00e9\u017eia \u00fato\u010dn\u00edka na infiltr\u00e1ciu svojho skriptu je minim\u00e1lna a spolieha sa na kooper\u00e1ciu s program\u00e1torom (pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom aplik\u00e1cie), ktor\u00fd infikovan\u00fd bal\u00edk nain\u0161taluje do svojej aplik\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n

\"hacknuty-hosting\"<\/p>\n

\u010co m\u00f4\u017ee hacknutie str\u00e1nky sp\u00f4sobi\u0165?<\/b><\/h3>\n

Ke\u010f \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk z\u00edska pr\u00edstup na hosting, tak m\u00e1 rovnak\u00e9 mo\u017enosti na hostingu, ako ke\u010f sa opr\u00e1vnen\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e prihl\u00e1si cez FTP \u2013 ba dokonca e\u0161te v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie. Vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine pr\u00edpadov chce \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk profitova\u0165 z mo\u017enosti ma\u0165 akt\u00edvny pr\u00edstup k ve\u013ek\u00e9mu mno\u017estvu serverov a pod\u013ea svojich potrieb ich zapoji\u0165 do botnetu, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee kedyko\u013evek vyu\u017ei\u0165 na \u010fal\u0161\u00ed \u00fatok. Vzh\u013eadom na to, \u017ee pre \u00fato\u010dn\u00edka je ove\u013ea efekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie ma\u0165 mo\u017enos\u0165 vyu\u017ei\u0165 server pre svoje potreby, ako sa prezradi\u0165 mazan\u00edm d\u00e1t. Existuj\u00fa aj \u00fatoky, ktor\u00e9 sa \u0161pecifikuj\u00fa v \u0161ifrovan\u00ed s\u00faborov a za poplatok ich od\u0161ifruj\u00fa. Je v\u0161ak ve\u013ek\u00e1 pravdepodobnos\u0165, \u017ee \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk z\u00edska \u00fadaje k datab\u00e1ze a bude ma\u0165 pr\u00edstup aj k citliv\u00fdm \u00fadajom.<\/p>\n

Ako sa br\u00e1ni\u0165?<\/b><\/h3>\n

Jedna z najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edch vec\u00ed je aktualiz\u00e1cia svojich aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed, aby boli v\u017edy v poslednej verzii. To zabezpe\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 diery, ktor\u00e9 boli objaven\u00e9, s\u00fa opraven\u00e9 a \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk nebude m\u00f4c\u0165 pou\u017ei\u0165 t\u00fato chybu, aby nahral na hosting svoj k\u00f3d. Taktie\u017e je vhodn\u00e9 pou\u017ei\u0165 aj bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 pluginy, ktor\u00e9 spravia opatrenia, aby pri sk\u00fa\u0161an\u00ed zranite\u013enosti \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk nebol schopn\u00fd identifikova\u0165 aplik\u00e1ciu, pr\u00edpadne jej verziu. Tak\u00e9to pluginy menia URL na prihl\u00e1senie do administr\u00e1cie, schov\u00e1vaj\u00fa v <meta> tagoch verziu aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed a i. Ur\u010dite nes\u0165ahujte pluginy z warez f\u00f3r, pr\u00edpadne z nezn\u00e1mych str\u00e1nok, nako\u013eko je ve\u013emi ve\u013ek\u00e1 \u0161anca, \u017ee bud\u00fa obsahova\u0165 \u0161kodliv\u00fd k\u00f3d.<\/p>\n

Ako sa br\u00e1nime proti hackerom vo WebSupporte?<\/b><\/h3>\n

Vyv\u00edjame vlastn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj (Webscanner), ktor\u00fd pravidelne scanuje hostingy a sna\u017e\u00ed sa n\u00e1js\u0165 infikovan\u00e9 s\u00fabory. Ak sa mu podar\u00ed n\u00e1js\u0165 napadnut\u00fd hosting, obmedz\u00edme jeho funk\u010dnos\u0165 v \u010do najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej miere, aby infikovan\u00fd skript nebol schopn\u00fd vykon\u00e1va\u0165 aktivitu. N\u00e1sledne okam\u017eite notifikujeme n\u00e1\u0161ho z\u00e1kazn\u00edka a navrhneme mu vhodn\u00e9 rie\u0161enie.<\/p>\n

Skontrolujte, \u010di je va\u0161a str\u00e1nka v bezpe\u010d\u00ed<\/b><\/h3>\n

Kontrolu vlastn\u00e9ho hostingu m\u00f4\u017eete vykona\u0165 kedyko\u013evek vo vlastnej r\u00e9\u017eii. \u013dahko tak zist\u00edte, \u010di neobsahuje malv\u00e9r alebo in\u00fd \u0161kodliv\u00fd skript. Sta\u010d\u00ed sa prihl\u00e1si\u0165 do WebAdminu a v spr\u00e1ve hostingu n\u00e1js\u0165 Web Scanner<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Ak chcete vysk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 in\u00fd n\u00e1stroj, otestujte Sucuri<\/a>. Ak m\u00e1te sk\u00fasenosti s in\u00fdmi n\u00e1strojmi, odporu\u010dte ich v koment\u00e1roch.<\/p>\n

[mc4wp_form]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Webhostingy s\u00fa ide\u00e1lnym ter\u010dom hackerov, preto\u017ee ve\u013emi ve\u013ea webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nok vyu\u017e\u00edva komunitne vyv\u00edjan\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie, ako napr. WordPress, Joomla, Drupal a i. Tieto aplik\u00e1cie maj\u00fa svoj zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d vo\u013ene dostupn\u00fd na stiahnutie, a preto ni\u010d nebr\u00e1ni \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkovi analyzova\u0165 tento k\u00f3d a vytvori\u0165 exploit, ktor\u00fd vedia n\u00e1sledne vyu\u017ei\u0165. Aby bol kyber\u00fatok hackerov \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fd, potrebuj\u00fa z\u00edska\u0165 pr\u00edstup na […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":109,"featured_media":6314,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,8,10],"tags":[103,321,326,327,349,470,483,592,876,956],"class_list":["post-6311","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technologie","category-tipy-a-triky","category-vzdelavanie-2","tag-bezpecnost","tag-hack","tag-hacking","tag-hacknutie","tag-hosting","tag-luknar","tag-matus","tag-ochrana","tag-truban","tag-websupport"],"yoast_head":"\nJe va\u0161a str\u00e1nka v bezpe\u010d\u00ed? - Websupport Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Webhostingy s\u00fa ide\u00e1lnym ter\u010dom hackerov, preto\u017ee ve\u013emi ve\u013ea webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nok vyu\u017e\u00edva komunitne vyv\u00edjan\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie, ako napr. 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