{"id":5721,"date":"2015-02-02T10:32:10","date_gmt":"2015-02-02T09:32:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.websupport.sk\/?p=5721"},"modified":"2025-03-11T21:06:27","modified_gmt":"2025-03-11T20:06:27","slug":"zbrojime-v-suboji-so-spamom-ii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/2015\/02\/zbrojime-v-suboji-so-spamom-ii\/","title":{"rendered":"Zbroj\u00edme v s\u00faboji so spamom (2. \u010das\u0165)"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\"><b>Doba \u010d\u00edtania:<\/b><\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 10<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">min.<\/span><\/span><p>Tento blog je pokra\u010dovan\u00edm m\u00f4jho, presne rok star\u00e9ho <a href=\"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/\/\/2014\/01\/zbrojime-v-suboji-so-spamom\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u010dl\u00e1nku<\/a> o tom, \u010do rob\u00edme v boji proti odchodz\u00edm spamom. Za t\u00fdch posledn\u00fdch dvan\u00e1s\u0165 mesiacov sme sa riadne posunuli a neskromne si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee m\u00e1lokto na Slovensku rob\u00ed tak ve\u013ea v boji proti spamom, ako my. <\/p>\n<p>Vych\u00e1dza to z faktu, \u017ee odo\u0161leme denne \u00factyhodn\u00fdch jeden a pol mili\u00f3na mailov a oproti klasick\u00fdm ISP sa \u017eiv\u00edme hlavne prev\u00e1dzkou webov. A z toho poch\u00e1dza ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo na\u0161ich probl\u00e9mov a v\u00fdziev, lebo hostujeme slovensk\u00fd Internet tak\u00fd, ak\u00fd je \u2013 dynamick\u00fd a drav\u00fd, ale aj zranite\u013en\u00fd, divok\u00fd a ob\u010das nef\u00e9rov\u00fd. Mno\u017estvo spamu, ktor\u00fd k n\u00e1m prich\u00e1dza a sna\u017e\u00ed sa aj od\u00eds\u0165 jednoducho vych\u00e1dza z faktu, \u017ee prev\u00e1dzkujeme obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estvo webovsk\u00fdch str\u00e1nok a po\u0161tov\u00fdch schr\u00e1nok, ktor\u00e9 sam\u00e9 o sebe generuj\u00fa mno\u017estvo mailov, ktor\u00e9 ob\u010das padn\u00fa na nejasn\u00fa \u010diaru, deliacu \u201evy\u017eiadan\u00fa\u201c a \u201enevy\u017eiadan\u00fa\u201c po\u0161tu. Ale hlavne \u2013 bez rozdielu o ak\u00fa str\u00e1nku sa jedn\u00e1, na v\u0161etky nepretr\u017eite \u0165ukaj\u00fa hackeri z cel\u00e9ho sveta s jedn\u00fdm hlavn\u00fdm z\u00e1merom \u2013 odosla\u0165 si od n\u00e1s nejak\u00fd ten spam.<\/p>\n<p>Takto vyzer\u00e1 mno\u017estvo nami sprocesovanej po\u0161ty v jeden de\u0148. V celkov\u00fdch \u010d\u00edslach ch\u00fdba asi tretina infra\u0161trukt\u00fary, ale z priebehu je vidie\u0165, \u017ee Slov\u00e1ci najviac mailuj\u00fa r\u00e1no po pr\u00edchode do pr\u00e1ce a potom ve\u010der, ke\u010f pr\u00eddu domov. Ob\u010das na grafe re\u00e1lne vid\u00edme, hlavne v pr\u00edpade zhor\u0161enia po\u010dasia, poobedn\u00fa dopravn\u00fa z\u00e1pchu \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blogoads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/screen-shot-2015-01-29-at-13.06.43.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blogoads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/screen-shot-2015-01-29-at-13.06.43.png\" alt=\"Spam1\" width=\"1153\" height=\"418\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5722\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/app\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/screen-shot-2015-01-29-at-13.06.43.png 1153w, https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/app\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/screen-shot-2015-01-29-at-13.06.43-300x109.png 300w, https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/app\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/screen-shot-2015-01-29-at-13.06.43-768x278.png 768w, https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/app\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/screen-shot-2015-01-29-at-13.06.43-1024x371.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1153px) 100vw, 1153px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\nNajprv rekapitul\u00e1cia toho, \u010do rob\u00edme proti spamom ako \u00fapln\u00fd z\u00e1klad: pr\u00edchodzie SMTP servery si overujeme oproti black-list datab\u00e1ze <a href=\"http:\/\/www.spamhaus.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">SpamHaus<\/a> a kontrolujeme SPF z\u00e1znamy. Pri odchodz\u00edch mailoch kontrolujeme hlavi\u010dky mailov, \u010di sedia s na\u0161imi mailboxami, no a pou\u017e\u00edvame anti-spam od ESETu a pre istotu po novom aj open-source <a href=\"http:\/\/spamassassin.apache.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">SpamAssassin<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Prihlasovanie do schr\u00e1nok a na SMTP server limitujeme GeoIP ochranou na vybran\u00e9 krajiny. U\u017e\u00edvatelia si m\u00f4\u017eu \u013eubovo\u013en\u00fa krajinu povoli\u0165 a prida\u0165, je to ale aj tak pomerne nepopul\u00e1rne, i ke\u010f z technick\u00e9ho poh\u013eadu \u00fa\u017easne \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 rie\u0161enie. Aj tak sa n\u00e1m ale st\u00e1valo, \u017ee hackeri dok\u00e1zali \u00fato\u010di\u0165 na schr\u00e1nky z IP adries povolen\u00fdch kraj\u00edn. Vyhodnocujeme preto, ak sa niekto v kr\u00e1tkom \u010dase z\u00e1zra\u010dne presunie z jednej povolenej krajiny do inej povolenej, ale nesusediacej krajiny, schr\u00e1nku mu vtedy zablokujeme. \u00dadajne to takto robia aj mobiln\u00ed oper\u00e1tori so SIM kartami a pam\u00e4t\u00e1m si jeden star\u00fd urban legend o pilotovi kanadskej vojenskej st\u00edha\u010dky, ktor\u00fd preletel Kanadou tak r\u00fdchlo, \u017ee mu to zablokovalo mobil na podobnom ochrannom algoritme.<\/p>\n<p>Na prihlasovanie do webmailov sme pridali nen\u00e1padn\u00fd kus Javascript k\u00f3du, ktor\u00fd rozli\u0161uje medzi \u010dlovekom a strojom, detekujeme pou\u017eitie my\u0161i. Dos\u0165 to pomohlo.<\/p>\n<p>\u010ealej sme pridali ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo \u0161tatistick\u00fdch kontrol, v\u0161etky ale st\u00e1li a padali na tom, \u017ee sme potrebovali zjednoti\u0165 na jedno miesto logy zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch na\u0161ich mailov\u00fdch, ale aj in\u00fdch serverov. Len t\u00fdch po\u0161tov\u00fdch serverov, ktor\u00e9 m\u00e1me vystr\u010den\u00e9 do sveta, je sedemdesiat sedem. Preto sme rozbehli grandi\u00f3zny a ve\u013emi \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fd projekt centralizovanej datab\u00e1zy v\u0161etk\u00fdch na\u0161ich logov. Be\u017e\u00ed to na logstash mana\u017emente, s elastic-search datab\u00e1zou a na grafick\u00e9 vyhodnotenie logov pou\u017e\u00edvame n\u00e1stroj kibana. Denne zaznamen\u00e1me 350 mili\u00f3nov logov a dr\u017e\u00edme dvoj t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov\u00fa hist\u00f3riu. Be\u017e\u00ed n\u00e1m to ako v\u00edno, na dvoch nov\u00fdch a \u0161tyroch star\u0161\u00edch fyzick\u00fdch serveroch.<\/p>\n<p>Centralizovan\u00fd log server vyu\u017e\u00edvame okrem in\u00e9ho na vyh\u013ead\u00e1vanie r\u00f4znych anom\u00e1li\u00ed. Ak sa napr\u00edklad sna\u017e\u00ed nejak\u00e9 po\u0161tov\u00e9 konto posla\u0165 ur\u010dit\u00fd po\u010det spr\u00e1v za hodinu, ktor\u00e9 n\u00e1\u0161 anti-spam ozna\u010d\u00ed za spam, blokujeme cel\u00e9 konto a automaticky notifikujeme u\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea. Ak posiela niekto ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo legit\u00edmnych mailov, prera\u010fujeme ho automaticky na in\u00fd mailout server, ako be\u017en\u00fdch u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov. Ak m\u00e1 u n\u00e1s niekto \u201epochybn\u00fa\u201c minulos\u0165 z poh\u013eadu posielania spamu, dost\u00e1va sa tie\u017e na in\u00fd mailout server. A tak \u010falej. Prid\u00e1va\u0165 nov\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1 je u\u017e teraz jednoduch\u0161ie, ako ich vym\u00fd\u0161la\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Tu je graf pr\u00edchodz\u00edch a odchodz\u00edch spamov z \u010dasti na\u0161ej infra\u0161trukt\u00fary. K\u00fdm v minulosti musel n\u00e1\u0161 ESET anti-spam stopn\u00fa\u0165 okolo dvesto-tis\u00edc spamov denne, dnes je to u\u017e len asi desatina, pr\u00e1ve kv\u00f4li automatick\u00fdm ochran\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 spamom zamedzuj\u00fa priamo pri zdroji. Bledomodr\u00e9 s\u00fa pr\u00edchodzie spamy, tie chodia rovnomerne. Tmavo-modr\u00e9 s\u00fa odchodzie z webov a \u017elt\u00e9 s\u00fa odchodzie spamy z SMTP serverov. Je vidie\u0165, \u017ee je ak\u00e1ko\u013evek snaha odosiela\u0165 spam automaticky syst\u00e9mom identifikovan\u00e1 a zastaven\u00e1 v jadre pr\u00ed\u010diny, t.j. je zablokovan\u00e9 konto a upovedomen\u00fd u\u017e\u00edvate\u013e.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blogoads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/screen-shot-2015-01-29-at-12.58.36.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blogoads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/screen-shot-2015-01-29-at-12.58.36.png\" alt=\"Spam2\" width=\"961\" height=\"441\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5723\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/app\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/screen-shot-2015-01-29-at-12.58.36.png 961w, https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/app\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/screen-shot-2015-01-29-at-12.58.36-300x138.png 300w, https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/app\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/screen-shot-2015-01-29-at-12.58.36-768x352.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 961px) 100vw, 961px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\nZaviedli sme tie\u017e proces na sledovanie a odpovedanie na ka\u017ed\u00fd jeden abuse report, ktor\u00fd dostaneme. Tie\u017e si sledujeme online reporty firiem ako Microsoft (hotmail.com, zoznam.sk, atd.), ktor\u00e9 n\u00e1m zobrazuj\u00fa \u0161tatistiky spamov, ktor\u00e9 od n\u00e1s odi\u0161li. Je to pracn\u00e9, ale \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Ve\u013ek\u00fdm zdrojom probl\u00e9mov boli a s\u00fa vyhackovan\u00e9, u n\u00e1s hostovan\u00e9, www sajty. Je to \u0161ialen\u00e1 \u0161tatistika, ale a\u017e 10 percent webov, ktor\u00e9 hostujeme, je napadnut\u00fdch. \u010ci\u017ee v danom okamihu hostujeme pribli\u017ene 6000 vyhackovan\u00fdch str\u00e1nok, ktor\u00e9 bu\u010f DDoS-uj\u00fa von, posielaj\u00fa spam, alebo sa len tv\u00e1ria nen\u00e1padne a \u010dakaj\u00fa na bud\u00face povely. Pravidelne v\u0161etky hostovan\u00e9 str\u00e1nky scanujeme na filesystem \u00farovni ese\u0165\u00e1ckym a aj vlastn\u00fdm scannerom. Malware s\u00faborom, ktor\u00e9 n\u00e1jdeme, men\u00edme pr\u00e1va, aby neboli spustite\u013en\u00e9, u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov upozor\u0148ujeme. <\/p>\n<p>Pom\u00e1ha to, ale je to drina. Z m\u00f4jho poh\u013eadu naber\u00e1 cel\u00e1 situ\u00e1cia okolo zranite\u013enosti CMSiek ako <strong>WordPress<\/strong>, <strong>Joomla<\/strong> a podobne neznesite\u013en\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu. Ak aj upozorn\u00edme u\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea, \u017ee m\u00e1 star\u00fd a zranite\u013en\u00fd CMS, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina z nich nevie, \u010do s t\u00fdm spravi\u0165 a pri efektivite s\u00favisiacej s t\u00fdm, za ak\u00e9 ceny tie str\u00e1nky hostujeme, je ne\u00fanosn\u00e9, aby sme im to my zdarma upgradovali a zabezpe\u010dovali. <\/p>\n<p>Blokova\u0165 v\u0161etky zranite\u013en\u00e9 str\u00e1nky tie\u017e nechceme, tak ich takto r\u00f4znymi met\u00f3dami vyh\u013ead\u00e1vame a niekedy len \u010diasto\u010dne obmedzujeme. Re\u00e1lne svetlo na konci tunela v tomto je len v podobe automaticky-sa-updatovan\u00fdch CMS syst\u00e9mov, tak ako je to dnes be\u017en\u00e9 pre opera\u010dn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my. Jednoducho web postaven\u00fd na WordPresse, ktor\u00fd si nahod\u00edte na Internet a nebudete updatova\u0165, u\u017e v dne\u0161nej dobe vydr\u017e\u00ed to\u013eko isto nehacknut\u00fd, ako keby ste zobrali PC\u010dko, dali na neho Windows a vypli firewall, antiv\u00edr a updatovanie OS. \u010ci\u017ee asi len p\u00e1r mesiacov, maxim\u00e1lne tak rok-dva.<\/p>\n<p>Sk\u00fa\u0161ali sme sa hra\u0165 s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.modsecurity.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">mod_security<\/a> modulom do apache, ale nie je to \u0161k\u00e1lovate\u013en\u00e9 rie\u0161enie pre webovsk\u00e9ho providera. Chr\u00e1nime z\u00e1kaznick\u00e9 weby aspo\u0148 tak, \u017ee vyu\u017e\u00edvame centralizovan\u00e9 logovanie a blokujeme abnorm\u00e1lne aktivity, napr\u00edklad n\u00e1razov\u00fd traffic z jednej IP adresy. Sledujeme a vyhodnocujeme, ak m\u00e1 slovensk\u00e1 str\u00e1nka abnorm\u00e1lny n\u00e1rast zahrani\u010dn\u00e9ho trafficu. Obmedzujeme prihlasovanie na administrat\u00edvnu \u010das\u0165 CMS-iek a podobne. Re\u00e1lna technick\u00e1 ochrana proti napadnutiu webu typu IPS, alebo IDS, ak\u00fa implementuj\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 webovsk\u00e9 str\u00e1nky, je u n\u00e1s nepou\u017eite\u013en\u00e1. Polovica webov by pri nej prestala fungova\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Ke\u010f sa n\u00e1m dostane mailov\u00fd server na black-list, ve\u013ea u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov nevie odosiela\u0165 po\u0161tu, je to dnes z\u00e1kladn\u00fd probl\u00e9m zdie\u013ean\u00e9ho hostingu. Nie v\u0161etci si uvedomuj\u00fa tento nevyhnutn\u00fd kompromis, s\u00favisiaci s efektivitou najekonomickej\u0161ej pr\u00edtomnosti na Internete \u2013 zdie\u013ean\u00fdm hostingom. Pr\u00e1ca s blacklistami je ob\u010das zauj\u00edmav\u00e1, nap\u00edsali sme si vlastn\u00fd scanner, ktor\u00fd n\u00e1m monitoruje, ke\u010f sa na nejak\u00fd blacklist dostaneme a n\u00e1sledne si p\u00fdtame delist, pravidl\u00e1 s\u00fa ale r\u00f4zne. Tu je graf, ktor\u00fd n\u00e1m ukazuje po\u010det na\u0161ich mail serverov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa na black liste. Lep\u0161\u00edme sa a tak je zahnut\u00fd t\u00fdm spr\u00e1vnym smerom \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blogoads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/screen-shot-2015-01-29-at-12.48.52.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blogoads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/screen-shot-2015-01-29-at-12.48.52.png\" alt=\"Spam3\" width=\"930\" height=\"442\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5724\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/app\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/screen-shot-2015-01-29-at-12.48.52.png 930w, https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/app\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/screen-shot-2015-01-29-at-12.48.52-300x143.png 300w, https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/app\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/screen-shot-2015-01-29-at-12.48.52-768x365.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 930px) 100vw, 930px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\nOd febru\u00e1ra zav\u00e1dzame limit na po\u010det odoslan\u00fdch mailov pre ka\u017ed\u00fa schr\u00e1nku, 300 kusov za hodinu. Je to preto, aby sme obmedzili dopad v pr\u00edpadoch vyhackovan\u00fdch po\u0161tov\u00fdch schr\u00e1nok, alebo webov. Kto potrebuje viac, vypln\u00ed n\u00e1m online formul\u00e1r s jednoduchou \u017eiados\u0165ou, odozva z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov bola zatia\u013e pozit\u00edvna. S\u013eubujeme si od toho \u010fa\u013e\u0161ie zn\u00ed\u017eenie odchodzieho spamu.<\/p>\n<p>Toto v\u0161etko rob\u00edme v boji proti odchodz\u00edm spamom, lebo tie s\u00fa najotravnej\u0161ie, black-list m\u00e1 \u010dasto dosah na mnoh\u00fdch u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov. V z\u00e1sade o tomto v\u0161etkom u\u017e\u00edvatelia nevedia, lebo jedin\u00e9, \u010do poc\u00edtia, ak v\u0161etko o \u010dom som doteraz p\u00edsal je, \u017ee im odoslan\u00fd mail norm\u00e1lne od\u00edde. Robi\u0165 to ale cenovo efekt\u00edvne pre ve\u013ea u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov na zdie\u013eanej infra\u0161trukt\u00fare je naozaj vcelku ve\u013ek\u00e1 veda.<\/p>\n<p>U\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov obvykle tr\u00e1pi najviac pr\u00edchodz\u00ed spam. Tu mus\u00edm by\u0165 trochu alibista, lebo nevid\u00edm n\u00e1s, webhostingov\u00e9ho providera ako toho, kto m\u00e1 u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eovi zaru\u010dene vymaza\u0165 v\u0161etok pr\u00edchodz\u00ed spam. Je to pod\u013ea m\u0148a, mil\u00ed u\u017e\u00edvatelia, tak trochu aj na v\u00e1s. Jasn\u00e9, \u017ee kontrolujeme reput\u00e1ciu pr\u00edchodz\u00edch SMTP serverov a do\u0161l\u00fa po\u0161tu zbehneme anti-spam softv\u00e9rom, ale to je asi tak v\u0161etko, \u010do sa s t\u00fdm d\u00e1 robi\u0165. Ke\u010f sa pozriete na jazykov\u00fa kvalitu mnoh\u00fdch spamov, d\u00e1 sa pochopi\u0165, \u017ee ja nad sily softv\u00e9ru rozozna\u0165 legit\u00edmny mail od nevy\u017eiadan\u00e9ho. Rozpr\u00e1val som sa o tomto s ve\u013emi fundovan\u00fdmi \u013eu\u010fmi v ESETe a potvrdili mi, \u017ee sk\u00f4r reput\u00e1cia pr\u00edchodz\u00edch SMTP serverov a anal\u00fdza hlavi\u010dky mailu je to, \u010do najviac funguje na rozoznanie spamov. Jazykov\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy obsahu mailu nie s\u00fa hodnovern\u00e9. S\u00fa si toho vedom\u00ed aj poskytovatelia webovsk\u00fdch free-mail slu\u017eieb ako gmail, \u010di hotmail a z d\u00f4veryhodn\u00fdch zdrojov m\u00e1m overen\u00e9, \u017ee sa spoliehaj\u00fa ove\u013ea viacej, alebo dokonca v\u00fdlu\u010dne na svojich u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov, ako na techniku. Spam je spamom vtedy, ak ho tak ozna\u010d\u00ed ve\u013ea \u013eud\u00ed. Re\u00e1lne je s t\u00fdm v praxi ale tie\u017e probl\u00e9m \u2013 ve\u013ea u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov ozna\u010d\u00ed za spam aj spr\u00e1vy, ktor\u00e9 dostali z legit\u00edmneho newslettera, na ktor\u00fd sa dostali napr\u00edklad pri k\u00fape v online shope, len s\u00fa leniv\u00ed sa z neho \u0161tandardne odhl\u00e1si\u0165. My ako odosielate\u013e toho newslettera potom kon\u010d\u00edme na blackliste. Websupport tento typ kontroly na pr\u00edchodzej po\u0161te nevie ve\u013emi pou\u017ei\u0165, lebo si v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina na\u0161ich u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov ne\u010d\u00edta po\u0161tu cez webovsk\u00e9 rozhranie. Horde aj RoundCube to ale podporuj\u00fa a tak sa to predsa chyst\u00e1me zavies\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Trest za chybu pri ozna\u010dovan\u00ed pr\u00edchodzieho spamu je obrovsk\u00fd. Aj preto sme nastavili \u00farovne ozna\u010denia pr\u00edchodzieho spamu vo Websupporte pomerne vysoko \u2013 mysl\u00edm si toti\u017e, \u017ee je men\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m, ak neozna\u010d\u00edme tucty pr\u00edchodz\u00edch spamov, ne\u017e aby som v\u00e1m za spam ozna\u010dil, alebo nebodaj zmazal \u010do len jeden d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd legit\u00edmny mail.<\/p>\n<p>Navy\u0161e \u2013 mno\u017estvo prijat\u00e9ho spamu je do ve\u013ekej miery v ruk\u00e1ch ka\u017ed\u00e9ho u\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea. Treba ma\u0165 ochr\u00e1nen\u00fd svoj po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, nesurfova\u0165 po divn\u00fdch str\u00e1nkach, nein\u0161talova\u0165 neofici\u00e1lny softv\u00e9r, ned\u00e1va\u0165 svoju adresu na web, nezad\u00e1va\u0165 ju pochybn\u00fdm online firm\u00e1m a podobne. No a v neposlednej rade je fajn nain\u0161talova\u0165 si na svoj na po\u010d\u00edta\u010d vlastn\u00fd anti-spam softv\u00e9r a trochu sa vyhra\u0165 s nastaveniami.<\/p>\n<p>Ak ste sa prel\u00faskali blogpostom a\u017e sem, prip\u00e1jam s\u00fahrn v\u0161etk\u00fdch vec\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 sa n\u00e1m podarilo zlep\u0161i\u0165, pr\u00edpadne nasadi\u0165, v poslednom obdob\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.<\/strong> Overovanie pr\u00edchodz\u00edch SMTP serverov oproti SpamHaus DB<br \/>\n<strong>2.<\/strong> Kontrola hlavi\u010dky odchodz\u00edch mailov &#8211; musia ma\u0165 u n\u00e1s \u00fa\u010det<br \/>\n<strong>3.<\/strong> Kontrola SPF z\u00e1znamov<br \/>\n<strong>4.<\/strong> Anti-spam filter ESET<br \/>\n<strong>5.<\/strong> Anti-spam filter SpamAssassin<br \/>\n<strong>6.<\/strong> Kontrola \u201c\u010dloveka\u201d pri prihlasovan\u00ed do webmail, pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 my\u0161e<br \/>\n<strong>7.<\/strong> GeoIP ochrana prihlasovania do schr\u00e1nky z vybran\u00fdch kraj\u00edn<br \/>\n<strong>8.<\/strong> N\u00e1hly pohyb \u010dloveka medzi povolen\u00fdmi GeoIP krajinami<br \/>\n<strong>9.<\/strong> Blokovanie schr\u00e1nok pri odoslan\u00ed ist\u00e9ho po\u010dtu spamov<br \/>\n<strong>10.<\/strong> Priradenie na r\u00f4zne mailout servery pod\u013ea po\u010dtu odoslanej po\u0161ty a \u201creput\u00e1cie\u201d<br \/>\n<strong>11.<\/strong> Kontrola a odpovedanie na pr\u00edchodzie abuse reporty<br \/>\n<strong>12.<\/strong> Automatick\u00e1 kontrola ve\u013ek\u00e9ho po\u010dtu black-list serverov<br \/>\n<strong>13.<\/strong> Preh\u013ead\u00e1vanie s\u00faborov na malware<br \/>\n<strong>14.<\/strong> Ochrana WWW str\u00e1nok proti brute force \u00fatokom na hesl\u00e1 do CMS<br \/>\n<strong>15.<\/strong> Kontrola verzi\u00ed CMS syst\u00e9mov<br \/>\n<strong>16.<\/strong> Nastavite\u013en\u00fd limit na po\u010det odoslan\u00fdch mailov<\/p>\n<p>Aktu\u00e1lne poklad\u00e1me situ\u00e1ciu so spamami za uspokojiv\u00fa. Ak sme mali v minulosti okamihy, kedy sme mali na blackliste aj tucet po\u0161tov\u00fdch serverov, dnes je to tak nanajv\u00fd\u0161 jeden, \u010di dva servery.  Viem ale dopredu, \u017ee to nevydr\u017e\u00ed. Boj proti spamerom je boj mu\u017ea proti mu\u017eovi, kde sa ka\u017ed\u00e1 strana mus\u00ed prisp\u00f4sobova\u0165 a pos\u00fava\u0165 dopredu. Niekedy a\u017e re\u00e1lne c\u00edtime a vid\u00edme, \u010do rob\u00ed proti n\u00e1m druh\u00e1 strana, niekde v Nig\u00e9rii, \u010di v Rusku a je to zvl\u00e1\u0161tny pocit. Tak bude ma\u0165 tento blog iste o rok \u010fa\u013e\u0161ie pokra\u010dovanie a v podstate nikdy neskon\u010d\u00ed. Aspo\u0148 pokia\u013e neprejde \u013eudstvo na nie\u010do in\u00e9, ako klasick\u00e9 e-maily. Len tam vid\u00edm ultim\u00e1tne rie\u0161enie spamov \u2013 prechod Internetovej komunik\u00e1cie do nejakej overenej, autorizovanej a \u0161ifrovanej formy, podobnej dne\u0161n\u00e9mu instant messagingu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tento blog je pokra\u010dovan\u00edm m\u00f4jho, presne rok star\u00e9ho \u010dl\u00e1nku o tom, \u010do rob\u00edme v boji proti odchodz\u00edm spamom. Za t\u00fdch posledn\u00fdch dvan\u00e1s\u0165 mesiacov sme sa riadne posunuli a neskromne si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee m\u00e1lokto na Slovensku rob\u00ed tak ve\u013ea v boji proti spamom, ako my. Vych\u00e1dza to z faktu, \u017ee odo\u0161leme denne \u00factyhodn\u00fdch jeden a pol [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":35,"featured_media":5730,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,7,8,11],"tags":[621,645,788,956],"class_list":["post-5721","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-novinky","category-technologie","category-tipy-a-triky","category-zakulisie","tag-pajkus","tag-pikus","tag-spam","tag-websupport"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Zbroj\u00edme v s\u00faboji so spamom (2. \u010das\u0165) - Websupport blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/2015\/02\/zbrojime-v-suboji-so-spamom-ii\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Zbroj\u00edme v s\u00faboji so spamom (2. \u010das\u0165) - Websupport blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tento blog je pokra\u010dovan\u00edm m\u00f4jho, presne rok star\u00e9ho \u010dl\u00e1nku o tom, \u010do rob\u00edme v boji proti odchodz\u00edm spamom. Za t\u00fdch posledn\u00fdch dvan\u00e1s\u0165 mesiacov sme sa riadne posunuli a neskromne si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee m\u00e1lokto na Slovensku rob\u00ed tak ve\u013ea v boji proti spamom, ako my. Vych\u00e1dza to z faktu, \u017ee odo\u0161leme denne \u00factyhodn\u00fdch jeden a pol [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/2015\/02\/zbrojime-v-suboji-so-spamom-ii\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Websupport blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-02-02T09:32:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-03-11T20:06:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/app\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/01\/blog_small.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"290\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"260\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Miro Pikus\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Autor\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Miro Pikus\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Predpokladan\u00fd \u010das \u010d\u00edtania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"12 min\u00fat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.websupport.sk\\\/blog\\\/2015\\\/02\\\/zbrojime-v-suboji-so-spamom-ii\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.websupport.sk\\\/blog\\\/2015\\\/02\\\/zbrojime-v-suboji-so-spamom-ii\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Miro Pikus\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.websupport.sk\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c3cd5c387b5d1720e2336dd5ed96941c\"},\"headline\":\"Zbroj\u00edme v s\u00faboji so spamom (2. \u010das\u0165)\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-02-02T09:32:10+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-03-11T20:06:27+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.websupport.sk\\\/blog\\\/2015\\\/02\\\/zbrojime-v-suboji-so-spamom-ii\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":2348,\"commentCount\":12,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.websupport.sk\\\/blog\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.websupport.sk\\\/blog\\\/2015\\\/02\\\/zbrojime-v-suboji-so-spamom-ii\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.websupport.sk\\\/blog\\\/app\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2015\\\/01\\\/blog_small.png\",\"keywords\":[\"Pajkus\",\"pikus\",\"spam\",\"websupport\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Novinky\",\"Technol\u00f3gie\",\"Tipy a triky\",\"Z\u00e1kulisie\"],\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.websupport.sk\\\/blog\\\/2015\\\/02\\\/zbrojime-v-suboji-so-spamom-ii\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.websupport.sk\\\/blog\\\/2015\\\/02\\\/zbrojime-v-suboji-so-spamom-ii\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.websupport.sk\\\/blog\\\/2015\\\/02\\\/zbrojime-v-suboji-so-spamom-ii\\\/\",\"name\":\"Zbroj\u00edme v s\u00faboji so spamom (2. \u010das\u0165) - 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