{"id":13129,"date":"2019-01-14T12:01:10","date_gmt":"2019-01-14T11:01:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/?p=13129"},"modified":"2025-03-11T21:07:26","modified_gmt":"2025-03-11T20:07:26","slug":"najpouzivanejsie-webove-servery-porovnanie-apache-vs-nginx","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/2019\/01\/najpouzivanejsie-webove-servery-porovnanie-apache-vs-nginx\/","title":{"rendered":"Najpou\u017e\u00edvanej\u0161ie webov\u00e9 servery – Apache vs. Nginx"},"content":{"rendered":"Doba \u010d\u00edtania:<\/b><\/span> 4<\/span> min.<\/span><\/span>

V nasleduj\u00facom \u010dl\u00e1nku si predstav\u00edme dva najroz\u0161\u00edrenej\u0161ie a najpou\u017e\u00edvanej\u0161ie webov\u00e9 servery. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 si povieme, ak\u00fd je medzi nimi rozdiel a na \u010do sa hodia.<\/p>\n

\u010co je to webov\u00fd server?<\/h2>\n

Webov\u00fd server<\/a> sa star\u00e1 o pred\u00e1vanie s\u00faborov n\u00e1\u0161mu prehliada\u010du. Napr\u00edklad ke\u010f prehliada\u010d po\u0161le po\u017eiadavku na na\u010d\u00edtanie webovej str\u00e1nky, webov\u00fd server t\u00fato po\u017eiadavku obsl\u00fa\u017ei a vr\u00e1ti v\u0161etky po\u017eadovan\u00e9 s\u00fabory (obr\u00e1zky, HTML s\u00fabory,…) sp\u00e4\u0165 prehliada\u010du pomocou protokolu HTTP. Funguje ako prostredn\u00edk medzi serverom a na\u0161im zariaden\u00edm. Aj ke\u010f sa naz\u00fdvaj\u00fa ako webov\u00e9 servery, v skuto\u010dnosti ide o software be\u017eiaci na fyzickom alebo virtu\u00e1lnom serveri. Tak\u00fdto webov\u00fd server mus\u00ed zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 obsl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 nieko\u013eko naraz pripojen\u00fdch pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov, ktor\u00ed sa dopytuj\u00fa na s\u00fabory z fyzick\u00e9ho servera.<\/p>\n

Apache a Nginx s\u00fa dva najzn\u00e1mej\u0161ie open-source webov\u00e9 servery. Spolu poh\u00e1\u0148aj\u00fa viac ako 50% webov na svete. Aj ke\u010f oba sl\u00fa\u017eia rovnak\u00e9mu \u00fa\u010delu, s\u00fa medzi nimi rozdiely v sp\u00f4sobe ako pracuj\u00fa a na ak\u00fd \u00fa\u010del sa hodia.<\/p>\n

Apache<\/h2>\n

Apache<\/a> vyv\u00edja viacero met\u00f3d na spracovanie po\u017eiadaviek (requestov), aby boli efekt\u00edvne hlavne z poh\u013eadu vy\u0165a\u017eenia pam\u00e4te RAM, CPU a latencie. Apache pre spojenie s klientom vytv\u00e1ra procesy naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 MPM moduly, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa zodpovedn\u00e9 za prij\u00edmanie requestov a n\u00e1sledne priradenie pod-procesov (child procesov) na spracovanie requestu. Toto m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 nev\u00fdhoda pre Apache, hlavne pri weboch s vysokou n\u00e1v\u0161tevnos\u0165ou, ke\u010f\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd nov\u00fd proces, ktor\u00fd sa vytvor\u00ed pri novom spojen\u00ed si odkroj\u00ed z RAM-ky a tie\u017e vy\u0165a\u017euje CPU.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Nginx<\/h2>\n

Nginx<\/a> je nov\u0161\u00ed webov\u00fd server (prv\u00e1 verzia je z roku 2004), ktor\u00fd ako prv\u00fd vyrie\u0161il C10K probl\u00e9m. Naraz sa mu podarilo spracova\u0165 10 000 s\u00fa\u010dasne pripojen\u00fdch spojen\u00ed na jednom serveri. V\u010faka asynchr\u00f3nnej, event-driven (udalos\u0165ami riadenej) architekt\u00fare dok\u00e1\u017ee pracova\u0165 ove\u013ea efekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie s pam\u00e4\u0165ou RAM a CPU. Hlavn\u00fd rozdiel oproti Apache je sp\u00f4sob ako vytv\u00e1ra nov\u00e9 procesy. Zatia\u013e \u010do Apache pre ka\u017ed\u00e9 nov\u00e9 spojenie vytv\u00e1ra aj nov\u00fd proces, Nginx vytv\u00e1ra proces, ktor\u00fd dok\u00e1\u017ee spracova\u0165 tis\u00edcky nov\u00fdch spojen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Okrem open source verzie existuje aj komer\u010dn\u00e1 s n\u00e1zvom Nginx Plus – pri nej je mo\u017en\u00e9 si zabezpe\u010di\u0165 technick\u00fa podporu a \u010fal\u0161iu funkcionalitu ako Active health checks, DNS service discovery integration, Cache Purging API, AppDynamic, Key-Value Store, web application firewall (WAF) dynamic module a mnoh\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Dynamick\u00e9 a statick\u00e9 s\u00fabory<\/h2>\n

Apache vie spracova\u0165 dynamick\u00fd obsah v r\u00e1mci jeho procesov. Napr\u00edklad PHP alebo in\u00e9 dynamick\u00e9 s\u00fabory nemus\u00ed spracov\u00e1va\u0165 extern\u00fd komponent. Nginx dynamick\u00e9 s\u00fabory spracova\u0165 nevie a mus\u00ed sa spolieha\u0165 na extern\u00e9 komponenty, ktor\u00fdm po\u0161le dynamick\u00fd obsah. Tam sa n\u00e1sledne spracuj\u00fa na statick\u00e9 s\u00fabory (HTML, obr\u00e1zky…) a po\u0161l\u00fa nasp\u00e4\u0165 Nginx-u, ktor\u00fd po\u0161le spracovan\u00fd obsah n\u00e1\u0161mu prehliada\u010du. Oba, v\u0161ak dok\u00e1\u017eu dynamick\u00fd obsah spracova\u0165 rovnako r\u00fdchlo.<\/p>\n

Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed rozdiel v r\u00fdchlosti je vidie\u0165 pri spracovan\u00ed statick\u00fdch s\u00faborov. Nginx vie omnoho r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie pracova\u0165 so statick\u00fdmi s\u00fabormi, pod\u013ea niektor\u00fdch benchmarkov a\u017e 2,5x r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie. Preto ak na webe m\u00e1te ve\u013ea statick\u00e9ho obsahu a vysok\u00fa n\u00e1v\u0161tevnos\u0165 odpor\u00fa\u010da sa siahnu\u0165 po Nginx-e.<\/p>\n

[eckosc_status_message title=“Pozn\u00e1mka“ icon=“fa-info“ type=“info“ message=’Ak v\u00e1s zauj\u00edmaj\u00fa datab\u00e1zov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my odpor\u00fa\u010dame aj na\u0161e porovnanie MySQL a MariaDB<\/a>.‘]<\/p>\n

\u010eal\u0161ie rozdiely<\/h2>\n

Apache svoje moduly napr\u00edklad pre URL prepisovanie, zabezpe\u010denie, cachovanie at\u010f. na\u010d\u00edtava dynamicky bez nutnosti re\u0161tartovania. Tie\u017e ho vieme konfigurova\u0165 rozdielne len pre ur\u010dit\u00e9 prie\u010dinky pomocou s\u00faboru .htaccess<\/code>. Toto rie\u0161enie je vhodn\u00e9 najm\u00e4 ak na na\u0161om serveri be\u017e\u00ed viacero webov pre ktor\u00e9 chceme ma\u0165 r\u00f4zne nakonfigurovan\u00fd web server.<\/p>\n

Nginx je v tomto smere menej flexibiln\u00fd, \u010do je sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 pr\u00e1ve aj hist\u00f3riou. Upravova\u0165 rewrite pravidl\u00e1<\/a> m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 ve\u013emi n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 a nie v\u017edy sa to m\u00f4\u017ee \u00faplne podari\u0165. Je vhodn\u00e9 si vopred preveri\u0165, \u010di aplik\u00e1cia ktor\u00fa chcete prev\u00e1dzkova\u0165 vie spr\u00e1vne fungova\u0165 aj pod Nginx.<\/p>\n

Podpora opera\u010dn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov<\/h2>\n

Apache pracuje na Unixov\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch a rovnako m\u00e1 aj pln\u00fa podporu pre Windows. Nginx na Unixov\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch be\u017e\u00ed bez probl\u00e9mov, av\u0161ak pre Windows nem\u00e1 pln\u00fa podporu<\/a> a tie\u017e nem\u00f4\u017eeme po\u010d\u00edta\u0165 s jeho vysok\u00fdm v\u00fdkonom.<\/p>\n

Zhrnutie<\/h2>\n

Pri v\u00fdbere webov\u00e9ho servera mus\u00edme zv\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161ie spomenut\u00e9 faktory. Treba si zvoli\u0165 rie\u0161enie, ktor\u00e9 bude vyhovova\u0165 na\u0161im potreb\u00e1m. Apache aj Nginx m\u00f4\u017eu be\u017ea\u0165 spolo\u010dne a vyu\u017ei\u0165 v\u00fdhody oboch. Tak\u00e9to rie\u0161enie vyu\u017e\u00edvame aj u n\u00e1s vo WebSupporte. Viac v \u010dl\u00e1nku Nginx + Apache na jednom Ubuntu 18.04 LTS serveri<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V nasleduj\u00facom \u010dl\u00e1nku si predstav\u00edme dva najroz\u0161\u00edrenej\u0161ie a najpou\u017e\u00edvanej\u0161ie webov\u00e9 servery. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 si povieme, ak\u00fd je medzi nimi rozdiel a na \u010do sa hodia. \u010co je to webov\u00fd server? Webov\u00fd server sa star\u00e1 o pred\u00e1vanie s\u00faborov n\u00e1\u0161mu prehliada\u010du. Napr\u00edklad ke\u010f prehliada\u010d po\u0161le po\u017eiadavku na na\u010d\u00edtanie webovej str\u00e1nky, webov\u00fd server t\u00fato po\u017eiadavku obsl\u00fa\u017ei a vr\u00e1ti v\u0161etky […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":145,"featured_media":13057,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[1228,339,1229,638,676,747,941],"class_list":["post-13129","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technologie","tag-apache","tag-historia","tag-nginx","tag-php","tag-porovnanie","tag-server","tag-web"],"yoast_head":"\nNajpou\u017e\u00edvanej\u0161ie webov\u00e9 servery - Apache vs. Nginx - Websupport blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/2019\/01\/najpouzivanejsie-webove-servery-porovnanie-apache-vs-nginx\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Najpou\u017e\u00edvanej\u0161ie webov\u00e9 servery - Apache vs. Nginx - Websupport blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"V nasleduj\u00facom \u010dl\u00e1nku si predstav\u00edme dva najroz\u0161\u00edrenej\u0161ie a najpou\u017e\u00edvanej\u0161ie webov\u00e9 servery. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 si povieme, ak\u00fd je medzi nimi rozdiel a na \u010do sa hodia. \u010co je to webov\u00fd server? Webov\u00fd server sa star\u00e1 o pred\u00e1vanie s\u00faborov n\u00e1\u0161mu prehliada\u010du. 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Z\u00e1rove\u0148 si povieme, ak\u00fd je medzi nimi rozdiel a na \u010do sa hodia. \u010co je to webov\u00fd server? Webov\u00fd server sa star\u00e1 o pred\u00e1vanie s\u00faborov n\u00e1\u0161mu prehliada\u010du. Napr\u00edklad ke\u010f prehliada\u010d po\u0161le po\u017eiadavku na na\u010d\u00edtanie webovej str\u00e1nky, webov\u00fd server t\u00fato po\u017eiadavku obsl\u00fa\u017ei a vr\u00e1ti v\u0161etky […]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/2019\/01\/najpouzivanejsie-webove-servery-porovnanie-apache-vs-nginx\/","og_site_name":"Websupport blog","article_published_time":"2019-01-14T11:01:10+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-03-11T20:07:26+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1920,"height":1080,"url":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/app\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/11\/apache-nginX.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Andrej Neme\u010dek","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Autor":"Andrej Neme\u010dek","Predpokladan\u00fd \u010das \u010d\u00edtania":"4 min\u00faty"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/2019\/01\/najpouzivanejsie-webove-servery-porovnanie-apache-vs-nginx\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/2019\/01\/najpouzivanejsie-webove-servery-porovnanie-apache-vs-nginx\/"},"author":{"name":"Andrej Neme\u010dek","@id":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/e50bc5c4d0a1e205e5b71ada2073e43b"},"headline":"Najpou\u017e\u00edvanej\u0161ie webov\u00e9 servery – Apache vs. Nginx","datePublished":"2019-01-14T11:01:10+00:00","dateModified":"2025-03-11T20:07:26+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/2019\/01\/najpouzivanejsie-webove-servery-porovnanie-apache-vs-nginx\/"},"wordCount":847,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/2019\/01\/najpouzivanejsie-webove-servery-porovnanie-apache-vs-nginx\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/app\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/11\/apache-nginX.jpg","keywords":["Apache","Hist\u00f3ria","Nginx","php","porovnanie","server","web"],"articleSection":["Technol\u00f3gie"],"inLanguage":"sk-SK"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/2019\/01\/najpouzivanejsie-webove-servery-porovnanie-apache-vs-nginx\/","url":"https:\/\/www.websupport.sk\/blog\/2019\/01\/najpouzivanejsie-webove-servery-porovnanie-apache-vs-nginx\/","name":"Najpou\u017e\u00edvanej\u0161ie webov\u00e9 servery - 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